Special issue: Barriers to Sustainable Management of Water Quantity and Quality Forecasting of flood and sediment by an improved time-variant diffusive model

نویسندگان

  • CHEN XIAOHONG
  • ALLAN J. BRIMICOMBE
  • RONGXUAN HU
چکیده

Hydrological forecasting can provide the basis for dealing with the conflict between flood control and water use. This paper proposes a flood and sediment forecasting method for rivers by deriving an energy equation which describes the conservation of potential slope, kinetic slope, and friction slope of a river reach. The equation contains an additional term, the rate of change of stage, which has a significant effect on the propagation of flood waves, as compared with the Saint-Venant momentum equation. The energy equation has been found to provide more accurate results in the hydraulic calculation of the Han River, China, than the Saint-Venant momentum equation. Based on this energy equation, an improved diffusive model (IDM) was derived. By modelling the flood process for the Yellow River, China, the IDM was compared with the classical diffusive model (CDM) showing that the IDM gives better results. The time series form of IDM with time-variant parameters was used for real-time flood and sediment forecasting of the Yellow River. The recursive ordinary least-squares (ROLS) approach, improved by introducing an effective matrix, was used for on-line identification of parameters. Prévisions hydrologiques et sédimentologiques utilisant un modèle diffusif adaptatif Résumé Les inondations sont un obstacle significatif à l'exploitation et à la gestion des ressources en eau et les prévisions hydrologiques sont un outil permettant d'arbitrer le conflit entre la maîtrise des inondation et l'utilisation des ressources en eau. Cet article propose une méthode de prévision hydrologique en rivière fondée sur une équation d'énergie obtenue en écrivant la conservation des gradients de l'énergie potentielle, de l'énergie cinétique, et du frottement dans un bief. L'équation contient une terme supplémentaire, la vitesse de changement de niveau, qui a un effet significatif sur la propagation des ondes de crue par rapport à l'équation de Saint-Venant. Cette équation s'est révélée capable de fournir des résultats plus précis que l'équation de Saint-Venant dans le calcul hydraulique du fleuve Han (Chine). Sur la base de cette équation on a construit un modèle diffusif amélioré (IDM). La comparaison de l'IDM et du modèle diffusif classique (CDM) sur les inondations du Fleuve Jaune (Chine) a montré que l'IDM donne les meilleurs résultats. Une version de l'IDM dont les paramètres varient au cours du temps a été utilisée pour la prévision hydrologique et sédimentologique en temps réel sur le Fleuve Jaune. L'approche recursive par moindres carrés (ROLS), améliorée par l'introduction d'une matrice efficace, a été utilisée pour l'identification en ligne des paramètres. Open for discussion until I February 2000 584 Chen Xiaohong et al.

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تاریخ انتشار 1999